What is SNAP?
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as food stamps, is the largest federal nutrition assistance program. SNAP provides monthly benefits to help low-income families purchase food.
Benefits are loaded onto an Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT) card that works like a debit card at grocery stores, farmers markets, and other approved retailers.
Who Qualifies for SNAP?
Income Requirements
To qualify, your household income must be at or below certain limits. Most households must meet both gross income (before deductions) and net income (after deductions) limits.
| Household Size | Gross Monthly Income (130% FPL) | Net Monthly Income (100% FPL) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | $1,580 | $1,215 |
| 2 | $2,137 | $1,644 |
| 3 | $2,694 | $2,072 |
| 4 | $3,250 | $2,500 |
| 5 | $3,807 | $2,929 |
| 6 | $4,364 | $3,357 |
Other Requirements
- Must be a U.S. citizen or qualified non-citizen
- Provide Social Security numbers for all household members
- Meet work requirements (able-bodied adults 18-52 without dependents)
- Resource limits: $2,750 for most households; $4,250 if elderly/disabled member
How Much Will I Receive?
Benefit amounts vary based on household size, income, and expenses. The maximum monthly benefits for 2025:
- 1 person: $291
- 2 people: $535
- 3 people: $766
- 4 people: $973
- 5 people: $1,155
- 6 people: $1,386
Most households receive less than the maximum. Your actual benefit depends on your net income after allowable deductions for housing, childcare, medical expenses, etc.
How to Apply
1. Online Application
Most states allow online applications through your state's SNAP website. This is usually the fastest method.
2. In-Person Application
Visit your local Department of Social Services or SNAP office. Staff can help you complete the application and answer questions.
3. By Mail
Download and print the application from your state's website, complete it, and mail to your local SNAP office.
Required Documents
- Proof of identity (driver's license, state ID)
- Social Security cards for all household members
- Proof of income (pay stubs, benefit statements)
- Proof of expenses (rent/mortgage, utilities, childcare)
- Proof of residency
Timeline
- Application: Complete within 30 days of applying
- Interview: Required (phone or in-person)
- Approval: Decision within 30 days; 7 days for emergency cases
- Benefits Begin: If approved, benefits start the month you applied
Using Your EBT Card
What You Can Buy
- Fruits and vegetables
- Meat, poultry, fish
- Dairy products
- Breads and cereals
- Snack foods and soft drinks
- Seeds and plants (to grow food)
- Alcohol and tobacco
- Hot prepared foods
- Pet food
- Cleaning supplies
- Paper products
- Vitamins and medicine
Where to Use Your EBT Card
- Grocery stores and supermarkets
- Convenience stores (authorized retailers)
- Farmers markets (many now accept EBT)
- Some online retailers (Amazon, Walmart in participating states)
Common Questions
Will applying for SNAP affect my immigration status?
For most people, no. SNAP is generally not considered in public charge determinations. However, immigration rules are complex - consult with an immigration attorney if concerned.
Can I use SNAP if I'm working?
Yes! Many SNAP recipients work. As long as your income is within limits, you can receive benefits.
Do I have to pay back SNAP benefits?
No, SNAP is not a loan. You don't have to pay it back unless you received benefits through fraud or error.
How often do I need to recertify?
Most households recertify every 6-12 months. You'll receive a notice before your benefits expire with instructions for renewal.